Colorectal Cancer Frequently Asked Questions

If you or a loved one was diagnosed with colorectal cancer, you likely have questions you would like answered. The team at Virginia Oncology Associates answers some commonly asked questions about colorectal cancer, its treatments and side effects, and your experience at VOA. As you go through these FAQs, consider jotting down other questions you think of so you can ask them during your appointment.

• What is biomarker testing for colorectal cancer?

  Biomarker tests look for specific genetic changes associated with the development of colorectal cancer. This test examines tissue removed during a biopsy or surgery. Understanding the genetic makeup of your colorectal tumor helps your oncologist create a personalized treatment plan that may include targeted therapy or immunotherapy drugs designed to counteract the specific biomarker. If no biomarkers are found, the oncologist will recommend other colorectal cancer treatments.

• Is colorectal cancer hereditary?

  Most colorectal cancers are caused by factors other than genetics, with only 5-10% of cases being hereditary. These hereditary cases are often linked to specific genetic syndromes, including Lynch syndrome (also known as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer or HNPCC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

  If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or cancers such as endometrial, ovarian, or stomach cancer, genetic counseling may give you answers. Anyone with a family history of colorectal cancer should discuss early screenings and regular checkups with their doctor. Early detection of colon and rectal cancer makes it easier to treat. Learn more about colorectal cancer risk factors and who is at risk. 

• When colorectal cancer spreads, what areas of the body are affected?

  Colorectal cancer can metastasize or spread to other parts of the body. The most commonly affected areas are the lungs and the liver. However, colorectal cancer can also spread to the abdominal cavity lining, called the peritoneum. In rare cases, it may affect the brain. 

  Symptoms vary when colorectal cancer spreads to or recurs in another area of the body based on where it’s growing. Surgery may not be possible for patients with large tumors or cancer that has spread beyond the colon at the time of diagnosis, but other cancer treatments can help shrink the tumor.

• What are some side effects I can expect from colorectal cancer treatment?

  Common side effects of colorectal cancer treatment may include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, nerve damage in the hands and feet, and changes in appetite or taste. Other side effects may be specific to the treatments included in your colorectal cancer treatment plan. For example, patients receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy may become especially sensitive to heat and cold in their hands and feet.

  Learn more about managing the side effects of cancer treatment.

• Will colorectal cancer chemotherapy cause me to lose my hair?

  FOLFOX is a common combination of three chemotherapy drugs often used to treat colorectal cancer. Some people may lose hair during treatment, while others only experience hair thinning.  This is usually temporary, and most patients report that their hair regrows after treatment ends. If you have concerns about any treatment side effects you are experiencing, talk to your oncology nurse, advanced practice provider, or oncologist for assistance in managing them.

• Should I consider enrolling in a colorectal cancer clinical trial?

  Clinical trials provide access to innovative treatments for colon and rectal cancer that are not yet widely available. 

  Many current research trials focus on developing new targeted therapies and immunotherapies, or new combinations of therapies, for colorectal cancer. Virginia Oncology Associates participates in several colorectal cancer clinical research trials, offering patients access to the latest and most advanced cancer treatments. Not every patient meets the requirements to participate, but we will recommend a clinical trial if you do. If you’re interested in whether a colorectal cancer clinical trial could benefit you, please talk with your oncologist.

• How experienced is my VOA care team with treating colorectal cancer?

  For over 40 years, VOA has been a leader in providing multidisciplinary cancer care to patients throughout Virginia and Eastern North Carolina. Our oncologists and advanced practice providers have received training at some of the most renowned cancer centers in the United States and beyond. We are dedicated to providing unparalleled access to the most innovative, advanced therapies and latest technologies to colorectal cancer patients close to home. Meet our team of colorectal cancer specialists.

• What out-of-pocket expenses can I expect with colorectal cancer treatment?

  Our Patient Benefits Representatives (PBRs) will review your insurance plan and schedule a meeting to discuss what will be covered and any out-of-pocket expenses you may incur. When choosing your cancer care, keep in mind that receiving treatment at an independent cancer center like Virginia Oncology Associates often results in lower costs compared to cancer care provided at hospital outpatient departments. According to the Community Oncology Alliance, cancer treatment can cost up to 50% less in an independent oncology practice compared to a hospital-affiliated outpatient department.

  Receiving affordable cancer care does not mean compromising on quality. We offer the same high standards of care as hospital-affiliated oncology departments, using advanced technologies and personalized treatments at a more affordable price.

How to Make an Appointment with Virginia Oncology Associates

Find a colorectal oncologist at one of our locations in Norfolk, Hampton, and Virginia Beach to request an appointment.